The Negative Image Of Africa - 1511 Words

Africa has had a negative image for many years and even today, this image persists but to a less extent. This bad image of Africa did not always exist. There was a time where all races were not constantly at each other’s throat. Europeans did not immediately see Africans as inferiors because of their cultures or their skin color. At that period, everyone was considered as humans. But there came a point where Europeans thought that they were a bit superior to other races. Europeans did not just think they were superior compared to Africans, but to all other races. Unfortunately, after a while Europeans wanted more power, therefore their views about other races changed drastically. Africans were to Europeans easy targets who could be manipulated to their wishes. Europeans began to see Africans more as domestics who could serve them. It was not until later on that Africans’ skin color was an issue seen as a symbol of inferiority. From there on, the image of Africa started to crumble and many stereotypes were being made against them. As of today, many of those stereotypes mainly disappeared while some are still making their way to future generations. For instance, many people still think that Africans are poor and they live in the jungle. For so many of us who never went to Africa or never took the time to acknowledge what the real Africa is, we are sadly misinformed about Africa and its people by the media, which seems to be more fascinated by the negative aspects of Africa.Show MoreRelatedWestern Media Essay1043 Words   |  5 PagesAfrica is one of the richest continents in terms of resources and human population nonetheless; it is the poorest and least developed continent. A significant number of the population in the west are ignorant about Africa and have a negative attitude towards Africa, ‘Most of them have certain images of Africa that they hold to be true or real’, all these images are acquired though what they receive as news in the western media (Michira,2002). Often words used to describe Africa in the west includeRead MoreThe Increased Misinterpretations of Africa Essay594 Words   |  3 Pages Africa, compared to other continents, is probably the most misrepresented of them all. Little is known about Africa which results to stereotypical descriptions of the continent. Due to the lack of knowledge of Africa, research done by scholars may be illegitimate or seen as offensive to indigenous Africans. These stereotypes are often inaccurate and fallacious representations of Africa. A general stereotype of Africa is that the whole continent is represented or labeled as the dark continentRead MoreThe Heart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad973 Words   |  4 Pagesviews of Africa. Africa is a very large continent consisting of various countries, cultures and ethnic groups, but the image of Africa that is portrayed in modern media via the news, television and movies is completely different. Most media sources depict Africa as being a single country filled with villages of starving children that always have flies on their faces. This image usually comes from commercials that are trying to play on the viewer’s sympathy by emphasizing the idea of Africa needingRead MoreKevin Baliat. International Politics . Final Paper. 5/21/2017.1696 Words   |  7 PagesInternational Politics Final Paper 5/21/2017 Western exclusion of Africa: Africa has been at the margins of the global economy for much if not all the post-independence period. This is despite having sixty five percent of the worlds diamonds, thirty percent of the world’s oil and in 1976, seventy nine percent of the worlds gold. Africa’s rich mineral basins and numerous tourist attractions left the rest of the world shocked when Africa s share of world trade has dropped from four percent to one andRead MoreThe Perception of Africa as a Single Entity Essay708 Words   |  3 PagesLooking at Africa as a single entity has been an issue facing how the world perceives it. When news of Africa hits the stands it is rarely talking about specific places but rather a story about the whole of Africa. Viewing Africa as a single thing has lead most of the world, especially Western cultures, to see it in a generalized way which has led to a negative stereotype of Africa and its people. During the time of European expansion, many in Europe only knew of Africa, though the lettersRead MoreTelevision, Television And The Internet1399 Words   |  6 Pagespopular culture through the â€Å"infotainment† channels. With visual mediums, news channels and news outlets are influential in creating images and stories for spectators to consume. The development of these images tells stories and draw frameworks for audiences to evaluate and make sense of the world. Over the last few decades, global media conglomerates reporting on Africa, often portrays the continent in a state of distress and in need of humanitarian aid. On the other side of the world, the UnitedRead MoreProblem: Human Rights Violations In Sino-Africa Cooperation1321 Words   |  6 PagesProblem: Human Rights Violations in Sino-Africa Cooperation China’s increasing presence in Africa has been exposed to international critiques for human rights violations. Rampant land grabbing by Chinese companies, labor abuses in Chinese factories and farms, and China’s close bonds with authoritarian governments are three major problems that have become protuberant, impeding the progress of China’s â€Å"Going-Abroad† strategy in Africa. Take China’s footprint in the African agricultural sectorRead MoreDisproving Misconceptions About Africa1743 Words   |  7 PagesDisproving Misconceptions about Africa Africa is a country filled with primitive tribesmen who have made insignificant contributions to history. Today most Americans pride themselves on being open-minded, politically conscious, and socially aware of world wide problems. Yet when discussing Africa, its history, and present state, most misconceptions as seen above are accepted without question. These myths have been developed over a century of time and have become imbedded in the minds of the WesternRead MoreComparing Shakespeares Othello with Conrads Heart of Darkness738 Words   |  3 Pagesidentity of Othello the reader is given the image of only animals and beasts. This demonstrates the perceived view of the time this play was written on how men and woman saw blacks and animals as almost parallel to each other. Many years after writing Heart of Darkness, Conrad took on a large amount of back lash, being considered a racist for the abuse and racial slurs towards Africans throughout this novel. This work is based on the colonization of Africa in a destructive manner rather than a positiveRead MoreExamining the Objectives, Strategy and Goals of Product Red891 Words   |  4 Pagescampaign in order to fight against AIDS epidemic in Africa. The campaign’s goal was to influence consumers to purchase Product Red from any of its partners in order to raise funds HIV and AIDS antiretroviral pills. The funds were directed towards The Global Fund, which received upto 50% of the profits from the sale of any Product Red marked product (Youngme Moon, 2009). The campaign also focused on raising the awareness to eliminate AIDS in Africa with an emphasis on health of women and children.

Is Traffic Really What I Want - 1342 Words

Is traffic really what I want to be in? My life is like bumper to bumper, too many friends, strangers, and family in front of me. As I tell my life story it is hard to reminisce back at the failures and those misunderstood thoughts. I am starting to realize that the pain I faced was supposed to make me into a man, since my father was not there. I don’t blame him for not being there because it was my mother’s decision to leave him when I was four to eight months year old, while my older brother Norman was four years old. My mother had dated my father since they were kids in Jr High School. I know they loved each other but my father was insecure because the beauty that my mother had. He was afraid that she would leave him or was†¦show more content†¦Meaning he took initiative of being another father to me, even know I did not enjoy that at times, because he would try to be overly on my case. Norman just wanted me to be the best I could be and allow me to know how to grown from mistakes made by me, him, and are mother. He taught me how to ride a bike, read, and how not be afraid of any man including the sacrifices it takes to becoming a man. However, there were time where he did not know how to deal with the difficult situations that were handed to us. For instance when we had to live in a van and move hotel to hotels for a year, because rent was not able to get paid. After a while we could not live in those hotels, vans, and family homes forever, so my mother shipped me and my brother out to Louisville, KY during the summer. We thought it was a vacation to get away from what was going on at the time. We went to go visit are granny, uncle, aunty, and little cousin. Although, that summer vacation turned into us being there for a couple more weeks passed summer to months and a year and a half. Coming to find out my mother was still living back on those family homes. It was hard to know what was going on at the age of ten, eleven years old, but I stayed calm and always kept a smile on my face no matter the situation. I guess I just always thought that this was how these were supposed to go, the situations just felt normal. I began to get use to the moving back and forth and struggling on having a home to ourselves.

Sociology and Social Science Indigenous People in Australia

Question: Discuss about theSociology and Social Sciencefor Indigenous People in Australia. Answer: Introduction This essay contains the poverty of indigenous people in Australia which is based on the socio-economic culture of Australia along with this the essay also discloses the employment discrimination in Australia which is based on income inequality system in Australia. The working system is not so developed in Australia and according to the people of Australia poverty is the main reason for this difference. Though housing and training opportunities are mostly available in some region, yet because of poverty and unemployment system people cannot afford these opportunities as the prices and rental status are so high of such opportunities (Mendes 2015). In some region of Australia, shortage of work is also available which causes distribution inequality in the country. Unemployment is one of the biggest problems in the country because some people are indigenous by their financial position. According to Cooper 2014, some indigenous people are not meeting their daily requirement because of the poverty line in Australia (Callander and Schofield 2012). Literature Review According to Australian Council of Social Service (ACSS) in 2012, the poverty line in Australia increases every year, and the government tries to solve this issue. This issue is also the political issue of the country because poverty takes place because of the politic system also. In the year 2010, having taken the description of costs of housing, around 2,265,000 people or 12.5% of all citizens in Australia are living in a household below the poverty line which includes 5,75,000 children (around 17.3% of all children in Australia) (Doyle and Mendes 2015). According to todays era of 21st century, because of poverty, most of the people in Australia are homeless and living in a household. This issue affects the society of some urban region in Australia. Children are not getting proper education because of poverty and unemployment problem of their family. It is critically found that because of poverty of indigenous people in Australia, they are not meeting their daily needs and their children are also not getting admission in top universities for more study. In today's world poverty is a certain problem which is affecting the people most and causes the country development (Bolle 2016). In some region of Australia, people of the community participate in some social and economic events and programs to make some money for their daily needs. People access some community services which are affordable for them to take part in the social event. This issue caused very much as the poverty line in Australia (Callander and Schofield 2012). Poverty and Welfare Issues in Australia In today's world Australia is facing the problem of poverty to a great segment, and because of this issue, people are very unsafe in Australia. Poverty is also an inequality problem, and it is not caused only by individual position. There are various causes of this poverty issue in Australia which are mentioned bellow; Social Mobility: There are scores of people who are not employed and living without doing any work. These people cannot meet their day-to-day requirement because they are in need of money and employment. In some region of Australia, shortage of work is also available which caused distribution inequality in the country (Edwards 2016). Education: Education system in Australia is lower which has the link with unemployment. Standard of living is not so developed because of the low education system in Australia. It causes the poverty line which indicates the unemployment problem as well as inequality system in Australia. Some children studied in high school and after that they cannot get admission in top University because of poverty and unemployment in Australia (Western and Haynes 2014). Housing System: In some major cities of Australia, Only minority people having low income can own their house without any taking loan and mortgage. As well as in some cities housing rent is not affordable by people. Though housing and training opportunities are mostly available in some region, yet because of poverty and unemployment, people cannot afford these opportunities because the prices and rental status are so high of such opportunities. Since last two decades, prices of housing are increasing randomly, but the income of people raises reasonably over the country. This housing issue causes poverty system more in Australia (Sharam and Hulse 2014). Labor market discrimination: Unemployment is the major problem in Australia. Most of the people are unemployed which leads to the causes of poverty in Australia. People are out of work, and they are in need of work, but according to the employment system of Australia, they are not getting employment. Some children are also doing child labor to support their family because of poverty system in Australia. Gender Inequality in Australia There is a difference of gender pay gap between men and women's average earning in a week which shows that men are making more in comparison to women in Australia. Though earning capacity of the people is taking place, the poverty line is not decreasing because of major unemployment system in Australia. According to the Average Bureau of statics,' national earning of gender pay gap is currently running around 16.2% as well as from the past two decades having hovered between 15% and 19% of the earnings in Australia. In some region of Australia standard of living of people are not so developed because of poverty and unemployment system. It has considered that men earn more than women (Lamontagne 2013). Racial or Ethnic Inequality Some factors influence the gap between indigenous and non-indigenous which affects the poverty line Australia. These factors are mentioned bellow; Men and women are not working in the same industry similarly income is different for both of them. Men are working at high integrity, and their job attracted at higher wages and dominated industry. Whereas, women are working at a lower dominated the industry and drew lower wage rate (Phillips and Luke 2016). There is a lack of senior position and also the part time and role as a flexible high position of women. Whereas, men work as the full time to make more income, and there is also the availability of the flexible senior position in Australia (Bodkin-Andrews 2014). There is a difference of education, work experience and seniority between men and women in Australia (Craven and Yeung 2014). There is a direct discrimination of income between indigenous and non-indigenous people in Australia (Arens 2014). There is a right argument of the poverty line and unemployment between indigenous and non-indigenous people in Australia. To reduce this issue from the region, Australia needs to develop some employment system for the better standard of living of people According to ACSS; some people are indigenous in nature because they are not meeting their daily requirement and facing the issue of poverty and unemployment in Australia. All the above factors indicate the gender gap between men and women's effort in Australia, and because of poverty, women are also working to meet their daily needs (Phillips and Luke 2016). Measurement and Reduction of the Issue in Australia There are various methods to measure the issue of the poverty line and unemployment system in Australia. These issues can be reduced from the country if Australian Council of Social Service (ACSS) recommends some measurement to reduce the problem of poverty. ACSS has taken some fundamental analysis to mitigate these issues which are as follows; A National Anti-Poverty Plan (NAPP) is going to hold by the ACSS to reduce the problem of poverty and unemployment It increases the employment sector and also increases the lower social security payment rates for unemployed people, children, and lone parents in Australia Maintaining an efficient minimum wage rate to reduce poverty among the household. Trying to give more employment to the needy people and also reduces the cost of some daily elements. Children are also getting some education facility at rare little cost to reduce the issue of poverty and unemployment in Australia Figure 1: Unemployment structure in Australia Source: (www.tradingeconomics.com.au) Findings According to the era of 21st Century, poverty and unemployment issues increase every year in Australia. Most of the indigenous people are facing the problem of poverty because they cannot meet their daily requirements accordingly. From the above analysis, it has been considered that the number of unemployment increases every year, and ACSS is trying to reduce the problem of poverty and unemployment in Australia. The education system in Australia is lower which has the link with unemployment. Standard of living of people is not so developed because of the low school system in Australia. ACSS is trying to develop the country and providing some less cost education to some indigenous children (Johnson and Robinson 2014). According to the Average Bureau of Statics,' national gender pay gap earning is currently running around 16.2% as well as from the past two eras having hovered between 15% and 19% of the earnings in Australia. Earning capacity of the people is not so developed in Australia, and there is an earnings comparison between men and women of Australia. Some factors influence the indigenous and non-indigenous people who show the earning gap between them. Men are working at high priority, and their job concerned at higher wages and dominated the industry. Whereas, women are working at a lower dominated industry and attracted lower wage rate. Housing and education problem are the major poverty issue in Australia because most of the children are not getting study because of the high demand of money for admission. ACSS is providing some less cost study and scholarship for Indigenous students in Australia (Yates 2013). Conclusion From the above discussion of the poverty of indigenous people in Australia' and the employment discrimination in Australia,' it has been concluded that the country is facing the problem of poverty and unemployment at a large segment. Children and students are not safe because of poverty issue in Australia. Students are not getting higher study because of low wage rate and unemployment system and also not getting admission in top University because of poverty issue in Australia. Australian Council of Social Service (ACSS) is trying to contribute some less cost training and program for the indigenous student of the country. Some people are indigenous because of the poverty line in the country. Due to this issue the country is facing various criticisms. In some region of Australia, if any person is sick he cannot get hospitality and medical because of poverty and unemployment issues. People do not get their daily needed elements because of poverty. It has been considered that issues of poverty and unemployment are widely affecting the country but in coming days these issues might be solved by the help of Australian Council of Social Services (ACSS). References Arens, A.K., Bodkin-Andrews, G., Craven, R.G. and Yeung, A.S., 2014. Self-concept of Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australian students: Competence and affect components and relations to achievement.Learning and Individual Differences,32, pp.93-103. Australia, O., 2014. The Power of People against Poverty: Oxfam Australia Strategic Plan 20142019. Baxter, J. and Hewitt, B., 2013. Negotiating domestic labor: Women's earnings and housework time in Australia.Feminist Economics,19(1), pp.29-53. Breunig, R., Gong, X. and King, A., 2012. Partnered Women's Labour Supply and Child?Care Costs in Australia: Measurement Error and the Child?Care Price.Economic Record,88(s1), pp.51-69. Callander, E.J., Schofield, D.J. and Shrestha, R.N., 2012. Towards a holistic understanding of poverty: a new multidimensional measure of poverty for Australia.Health Sociology Review,21(2), pp.141-155. Chamberlain, C., Johnson, G. and Robinson, C. eds., 2014.Homelessness in Australia. UNSW Press. Cooper, N., 2014.Walking the Breadline: The scandal of food poverty in 21st-century Britain. Oxfam. de Klerk, N., Alfonso, H., Olsen, N., Reid, A., Sleith, J., Palmer, L., Berry, G. and Musk, A.W., 2013. Familial aggregation of malignant mesothelioma in former workers and residents of Wittenoom, Western Australia.International Journal of Cancer,132(6), pp.1423-1428. Doyle, G. and Mendes, P., 2015. Poverty in Australia: Towards a research agenda.New Community Quarterly [P],13(2), pp.67-70. Kavanagh, A.M., Krnjacki, L., Beer, A., Lamontagne, A.D. and Bentley, R., 2013. Time trends in socio-economic inequalities for women and men with disabilities in Australia: evidence of persisting inequalities.International journal for equity in health,12(1), p.1. Latif, A., Ali, S., Awan, A. and Kataria, J.R., 2016. Socio-economic and political determinants of child labor at brick kilns: A case study of district Jhang.South Asian Studies,31, p.1. Phillips, J. and Luke, A., 2016. Two worlds apart: Indigenous community perspectives and Non-Indigenous teacher perspectives on Australian schools.International Handbook of Urban Education [Second Edition]. Redmond, G., Patulny, R. and Whiteford, P., 2013. The Global Financial Crisis and Child Poverty: the case of Australia 200610.Social Policy Administration,47(6), pp.709-728. Sharam, A. and Hulse, K., 2014. Understanding the nexus between poverty and homelessness: relational poverty analysis of families experiencing homelessness in Australia.Housing, Theory and Society,31(3), pp.294-309.

INTERIM FINANCIAL REPORTING AND INVESTMNET DECISIONS Essays

INTERIM FINANCIAL REPORTING AND INVESTMNET DECISIONS BY A.A. OWOJORI, PhD, FCA Senior Lecturer in Accounting & Business Education Accounting and Business Education Unit Department of Educational Management Faculty of Education Ekiti State University Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria [emailprotected] [emailprotected] 08033525195 ABSTRACT The main objective of financial report, annual or interim, is to provide information about the reporting entity?s financial performance and financial position that is useful to a wide range of user for assessing the stewardship of management and for making economic decisions. Investment decision is function of information present in financial report. The only means by which the investors and other parties having interest in the coy con know the financial position of a company is through financial reporting which is prepared at the and of the accounting period. At this stage, arbitrage may occur depending on the information gathered from the financial report. To wait or retain ones capital in some companies for a year could be disastrous. This is the reason why most investors prefer interim financial reporting, which keeps the investors informed about the financial progress the company is making with their capital. Quick decision can be made before it is too late. This study delves into the development of financial reporting at international level as well as various r egulations of financial reporting. The paper went further to compare the result of UAC Nigeria Plc and that of University Press Plc?s statement with that which was reported at the end of the year. Finally, the paper identified the limitation to the use of interim financial statement. Keywords: Interim, Financial Reporting, Investment Decision Introduction It is necessary to revise forecast in other to incorporate current business conditions. According to John I. W. et al (2003) interim [less than one year] financial statements are a valuable source of information for monitoring performance. Interim statements are usually issued quarterly and are designed to meet user?s needs. They are useful in revising estimates of earning power and earning forecasts. Yet we must recognized certain limitations in certain reporting related to difficulties in assigning earnings components to period of under one year in length. Timely and accurate financial report is the main stay of investment decision. IAS 34 describes financial report as being annual and interim. The standard define interim period and interim financial report as follows: Interim period is a financial reporting period shorter than a full financial year and interim financial report as a financial report containing either a complete set of financial statement or a set of condensed financial statement for an interim period. The subject of financial reporting objectives has been generally recognized as very important in accounting area since a long time. Many accounting bodies and professional institutes all over the world have made attempts to define the objectives of financial statement and financial reporting which are vital to the development of financial accounting theory and practice. (Jawahar Lal, 2003 P 19) this section describes developments in this area at the international level, particularly USA and UK. It can be rightly said that most of the attempt in this area of financial reporting objectives has been made in USA and UK and accounting development in these countries have great impact on accounting developments and practice in other countries of the world. The Accounting Principles Board (APB) statement No 4 1970 was the first publication which formulated the objective of financial reporting. Trueblood Report (1973) gives the following objective of financial report. 1.An objective of financial statement is to provide information useful to investors and creditors for predicting, comparing and evaluating potential cash flows to them in terms of amount, timing and related uncertainty. 2.An objective of financial reporting is to provide a statement of financial position useful for predicting, comparing and evaluating an enterprise earning power. This statement should provide information concerning enterprise transactions and other events that are part of incomplete earning cycles. Current value should also be reported when they differ significantly form historical costs. Asset and liabilities should be grouped or segregated by the relative uncertainty of the amount and timing of prospective realization of liquidation. The Corporate Report (UK) 1976 alludes to the above by adding that, the report assigned responsibility for reporting to the economic entity. Having an impact on the society through its activities. These economic entities